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Thursday, September 19, 2019

Input-Output in C

➨Reading input Data :-


  • The scanf() library function can be used for entering input data.
  • This function can take all type of values (numeric,character,string) as input.

Scanf function can be written as:-


scanf("control string",address1, address2,......);


  • Function should have at least two parameters. 
  • First parameter is control string, which contains conversion specifications character. And it should be also in double quotes.
  • Conversion specification characters may be one or more than one , it depends on the no. of variables we want to input.
  • The other parameters are addresses of variables.
  • The address of variable is found by preceding the variable name by an ampersand(&) sign.
  • Ampersand (&) is called the address of operator and it gives the starting address of the varibale name in memory.
  • A string value is not preceded by an & sign to get the address.

examples:-


#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
   int marks;
   .........
   scanf("%d",&marks);
   .........
}
In this example, %d impllies that one integer value is entered and stored in marks variable.

➨Writing output Data:-


  • The printf() function can be used for printing output data.
  • By this function all types of values(numeric, character or string) can be written as output.

Printf() function can be written as:-


printf("control string" ,varibale1 ,variable2,...);

  • The control strings contains conversion specifications characters and text.
  • It should be enclosed within double quotes.
  • The name of variables should not be preceeded  by an ampersand (&) sign.

some examples are:-


1.
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
  printf("Saurav singh");
}
output: Saurav singh

2.
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
  int marks=90;
  .......
  printf("%d",marks);
  ......
}
output: 90

3.
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
  int marks=90;
  printf("Total marks=%d",marks);
}
output: Total marks=90.


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